面向21世纪的曲轴新材料

对发动机曲轴材料作了综合介绍。根据它的发展历史以及对各种种材料的化学成分、组织、性能、加工工艺、成本价格的比较分析,说明其发展趋势是以球铁曲轴替代锻钢曲轴,以铸态珠光体球铁曲轴替代热处理曲轴。球铁代钢的关键是提高韧性,自行研制的ＱＴ７４０－３铸态珠光体球铁曲轴表明,铸态球铁性能达到了一个新高新。另外对几种曲轴新材料进行了分析。

On New Materials of Crankshafts for 21-st Century

This article gives a general introduction to materials that are used to produce crankshafts. Through the overview of the development history and the analysis among different kinds of material components, structures, mechanical properties, processing technology and prices, we find the material developing trend is as following: to substitute ductile iron crankshafts for forged steel ones; to substitute as-cast pearlite ductile iron crankshafts for heat treatment ones. The key to substitute ductile iron for steel is to improve toughness and the new product as-cast pearlite ductile iron QT740-3 developed by authors, indicates that the mechanical performance of as-cast ductile iron has been improved to a higher level.Several new materials for crankshafts are also analyzed.