用于三轴转台的卫星跟踪策略

针对纬轴工作范围为±20°的三轴跟踪架结构不能跟踪半球空域内所有卫星的问题,本文研究了卫星跟踪原理,结合纬轴受限的三轴结构特点,推导出了三轴之间关系的公式,并由此仿真得出了STTA卫星跟踪策略算法。跟踪仰角70°以上的卫星时,采用方位轴定位式水平式跟踪,这种跟踪方式既利用了水平式结构保精度跟踪天顶附近目标的优势,又克服了地平式结构有天顶跟踪盲区问题;跟踪仰角70°以下的卫星时,采用方位轴随动式水平式跟踪,这种跟踪方式使地平式跟踪方式和水平式跟踪方式有机地结合起来,实现优势互补,达到了更为理想的跟踪效果。该跟踪策略不仅解决了三轴转台纬轴工作范围受限问题,而且能够捕获跟踪半球空域内所有卫星,并保证卫星全程在保精度跟踪范围内。最后设计了实验,证明了该跟踪策略算法的有效性和可行性。

Secondary planet tracking tactic arithmetic for three-axis turntable

The three-axis tracking structure of vehicular opto-electronic equipment with a latitude axis range of ±20° can not track all secondary planets in the half-airspace. So, this paper explores the principle of satellitic tracking, derives the relationship formulas between three axes and gives a tracking tactic arithmetic for the STTA satellite by a simulation. When a secondary planet with a tracking elevation above 70° is tracked, the azimuth-position horizon tracking mode is adopted. It not only uses the superiority of the horizon gimbal mode with a lower tracking error, but also conquers the altazimuth gimbal with tracking dead zone. When a secondary planet with a tracking elevation bellow 70°is tracked, the azimuth gimbal and following up mode is adopted. It combines the superiority of the horizon gimbal and altazimuth gimbal and receives the better effect. This arithmetic not only has solved three-axis turntable vehicular space but also has ensured the secondary planet in an assuring range and can capture all secondary planets in the half-airspace. The experimentation is designed, which verifies that the tracking tactic arithmetic is effective and feasible.