蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比对乌天麻产量及营养品质的影响

分析蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比对乌天麻产量及基本营养成分含量的影响，并对乌天麻氨基酸品质进行评价。方法 通过大棚内随机区组实验，测定不同种植模式下乌天麻的基本营养成分含量，对其进行单因素方差分析和多重比较，并通过氨基酸评分法对乌天麻中氨基酸营养价值进行评价。结果 蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比对乌天麻的产量、基本营养成分含量及氨基酸的营养品质均有显著的影响；蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比为75.94时种植的乌天麻，乌天麻各项营养指标接近对照种植的乌天麻的各项营养指标，显著大于蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比为60.69、126.39时种植的乌天麻的各项营养指标。蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比为75.94时种植的乌天麻，其乌天麻必需氨基酸含量与总氨基酸含量的比值为37.03%接近40%，必需氨基酸含量与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为58.79%接近60%，必需氨基酸的氨基酸比值、必需氨基酸的比值系数分、必需氨基酸比值系数与联合国粮食及农业组织/世界卫生组织提出的氨基酸理想模式较接近。结论 利用蜜环菌人工菌棒种植乌天麻可以获得基本营养成分含量高、氨基酸丰富、必需氨基酸的组成比例相对合理、符合人体吸收利用需求、具有较高营养价值的乌天麻。

Effects of Armillaria artificial stick substrate formula C:N on the yield and nutritional quality of Gastrodia elata (Bl f. glauca S. Chow)

ABSTRACT: Objective To analyze the effects of Armillaria artificial stick substrate formula C:N on the yield and nutritional quality of Gastrodia elata (Bl f. glauca S. Chow) and evaluate the amino acid quality of G. elata. Methods By the random block test of box planting in greenhouses, the contents of G. elata were determined. One-way variance analysis and multiple comparison about these essential nutrients were performed. The nutritional value of amino acids of G. elata was also evaluated by amino acid score. Results The ration of carbon to nitrogen in the substrate formula of Armillaria artificial stick had significant effects on the yield, the content of essential nutrients and the nutritional quality of amino acids of G. elata planted with Armillaria artificial stick. The nutritional indexes of G. elata planted with the C/N ratio of 75.94 in the substrate formula of Armillaria artificial stick were similar to those nutritional indexes of G. elata planted with traditional wood, and significantly higher than those nutritional indexes of G. elata planted with the C/N ratio of 60.69 and 126.39 in the substrate formula of Armillaria artificial stick. When G. elata was planted by the substrate formula C/N ratio of 75.94 of Armillaria artificial stick, the ratio of essential amino acid(EAA) content to total amino acid was 37.03% close to 40%, the ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 58.79% close to 60%, the amino acid score of EAA, the ratio coefficient of EAA and the score of ratio coefficient of EAA are close to the ideal model of amino acids proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization /World Health Organization (FAO / WHO). Conclusion G. elata with high content of basic nutrients, rich amino acids, relatively reasonable composition ratio of essential amino acids and balanced nutritional value, meeting the needs of human absorption and utilization can be obtained by using Armillaria artificial stick to plant.