番茄中77种农药残留检测及膳食暴露风险评估

目的 分析上海市地产番茄的农药残留情况，评估其在一般人群和4~6岁儿童中的膳食暴露风险。方法 采集上海市9个区86个生产种植主体的111份地产番茄样品，采用气相色谱-质谱联用法和液相色谱-质谱联用法对77种农药残留进行检测，并采用确定性评估模型对检出的农药残留进行膳食暴露风险评估。结果 在检测的111份番茄样品中，57份样品检出农药残留，整体检出率为51.35%，合格率为100%。共检出14种农药，以腐霉利、啶酰菌胺和霜霉威等为代表的杀菌剂为主，检出占比为64.29%。一般人群和4~6岁儿童的慢性膳食摄入风险分别为0.00124%~0.53251%和0.00266%~1.14138%，急性膳食摄入风险分别为0.04837%~4.26422%和0.17818%~15.59091%，均小于100%，膳食暴露风险处于可接受的范围。结论 上海市地产番茄的农药残留膳食暴露风险较低，不会对消费者产生健康危害。本研究可为上海市番茄生产的用药指导和质量安全监管提供数据支撑及参考依据。

Residues detection and risk assessment of dietary exposure of 77 pesticides in Solanum lycopersicum

Objective To analyze the pesticide residues in locally produced Solanum lycopersicum of Shanghai, and evaluate the dietary exposure in the general population and in children aged 4 to 6 years. Methods A total of 111 locally produced Solanum lycopersicum samples from 86 production and planting entities of Shanghai were detected for 77 kinds of pesticide residues by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. The dietary exposure risk assessment of detected pesticide residues was evaluated by deterministic estimate model. Results Among the 111 Solanum lycopersicum samples, 57 samples were detected with pesticide residues. The overall detection rate was 51.35%, and the qualification rate was 100%. 14 kinds of pesticide residue parameters were detected which were mainly represented by fungicides such as procymidone, boscalid, and propamocarb, and the percentage of detection of fungicides was 64.29%. The risk of chronic dietary intake ranged from 0.00124% to 0.53251% and 0.00266% to 1.14138%, and the risk of acute dietary intake ranged from 0.04837% to 4.26422% and 0.17818% to 15.59091% for the general population and children aged 4 to 6 years, which were all less than 100%. The result showed that the risk of dietary exposure was in the acceptable range. Conclusion The dietary exposure risk of pesticide residues in locally produced Solanum lycopersicum of Shanghai is low and does not pose a health hazard to consumers. This study can provide data support and reference basis for the production medication guidance and quality and safety supervision in the production of Solanum lycopersicum in Shanghai.