考虑用户负荷特性的低频减载优化策略及实现方法研究

低频减载对于负荷调节的时效性以及准确性要求较高，在负荷削减的过程中存在欠切和过切的现象，同时负荷调节涉及的用户较多，给用户带来不便，负荷削减还会对设备的正常运行产生影响。针对上述问题，本文提出一种面向用户负荷特征的低频减载分层调节策略。该策略将负荷调节偏差最低、减载用户比例最小作为优化目标；通过设置高污染、高耗能等不同特征用户负荷的重要等级标签，以此调节参与负荷削减的用户比例，保障普通用户负荷的正常运行。此外本文设计了基于负荷控制单元的低频减载系统执行机构，通过预先向负荷控制单元下发调节策略，解决低频减载的时效性和准确性问题。本文通过仿真分析低频减载控制策略的合理性，实现了平均每轮0.87%的较低调控误差，每轮参与负荷削减用户的比例平均值为45%，满足了监测更靠前、切荷更及时、管控更精准的预期目标。

Research on low-frequency load shedding optimization strategy and implementation method considering user load characteristics

Low frequency load shedding requires high timeliness and accuracy in load regulation. During the process of load reduction, there are phenomena of under cutting and over cutting. At the same time, load regulation involves a large number of users, which brings inconvenience to users. Load reduction can also affect the normal operation of equipment. In response to the above issues, this article proposes a low-frequency load shedding hierarchical adjustment strategy based on user load characteristics. This strategy takes the minimum deviation in load regulation and the minimum proportion of load shedding users as optimization objectives; By setting important level labels for user loads with different characteristics such as high pollution and high energy consumption, the proportion of users participating in load reduction can be adjusted to ensure the normal operation of normal user loads. In addition, this article designs an execution mechanism for a low-frequency load shedding system based on a load control unit, which solves the timeliness and accuracy issues of low-frequency load shedding by issuing adjustment strategies to the load control unit in advance. This article analyzes the rationality of the low-frequency load shedding control strategy through simulation, and achieves a lower control error of 0.87% on average per round. The average proportion of users participating in load shedding in each round is 45%, meeting the expected goals of more advanced monitoring, more timely load shedding, and more accurate control.