超光速运动和狭义相对论的局限性

近年来,实验和观测已发现了多种超光速现象,这是科学研究中的一个新的前沿.笔者对超光速理论作了简单的回顾,指出洛仑兹变换中的时间定义不是物理学的唯一时间定义,还可以用一种推广的Galilean变换(GGT)定义另一种物理学时间.当描述超光速粒子(快子)运动时,GGT的时间箭头总是正向的,不会出现时间倒演问题.GGT变换是洛仑兹变换的一种非标准形式,也是洛仑兹物理思想的继承和发展.物理学家已普遍承认:真空不空.如果把真空称之为"以太场",这仅仅是一个术语问题.以太场具有复杂的量子特性,它与超光速运动之间可能存在某种内在的联系.近年来各国对中微子质量平方作了精确测量,全球实验的平均结果为负值,由此可以推测中微子可能就是超光速粒子.介绍了中微子作为自旋为1/2的超光速粒子的一种Dirac型方程及其量子性质,为弱相互作用中宇称不守恒的事实作出了新解释.

Superluminal Motion and Limitation of Special Relativity

In recent years, many superluminal phenomena have been discovered in experiments and observations. It is a new frontier in science. A brief review for superluminal theories is presented in this paper. It is pointed out that the definition of physical time in Lorentz transformation is not the only definition of time in physics. There is another definition of physical time in terms of a generalized Galilean transformation ( GGT ). When describing superluminal particles (tachyons) , GGT time always goes forward. GGT is a non-standard Lorentz transformation, which is a development of Lorentz theory. Most of physicists agree that vacuum is not empty space. It is just a terminology if we call vacuum as "ether field". Ether field has complicated quantum properties, which may have intrinsic connection with superluminal motion. Recent precise measurements for neutrino mass have been performed in many countries. The average value of mass-square for neutrino is probably negative. These results suggest that neutrinos may be tachyons . A Dirac-type equation for superluminal neutrinos with 1/2 spin and its quantum properties are briefly introduced in this paper. It provides a new explanation for parity violation in weak interactions.