External stimulus-responsive biomaterials designed for the culture and differentiation of ES,iPS, and adult stem cells |
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| Authors: | Akon Higuchi Qing-Dong Ling S. Suresh Kumar Yung Chang Ta-Chun Kao Murugan A. Munusamy Abdullah A. Alarfaj Shih-Tien Hsu Akihiro Umezawa |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;2. Department of Reproduction, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan;3. Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 221, Taiwan;4. Graduate Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;5. Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universities Putra Malaysia, Slangor, Malaysia;6. Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan;g Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;h Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan 32405, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | The physical and chemical characteristics of biomaterial surface and hydrogels can be altered by external stimuli, such as light irradiation, temperature changes, pH shifts, shear stress forces, electrical forces, and the addition of small chemical molecules. Such external stimulus-responsive biomaterials represent promising candidates that have been developed for the culture and differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, and adult stem cells. Biomaterials that are designed to respond in a reversible manner to specific external signals can be formed on micropatterned or non-micropatterned surface, in hydrogels, or on microcarriers. Stem cells and the cells differentiated from them into specific tissue lineages can be cultured and/or differentiated on dishes with immobilized external stimulus-responsive polymers. Cells can be detached from these dishes without using an enzymatic digestion method or a mechanical method when the appropriate external stimulus is generated on the surface. This review discusses the polymers and polymeric designs employed to produce surface and hydrogels for stem cell culture, differentiation, and/or cell detachment using various external stimuli. |
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| Keywords: | Biomaterial Stem cell Thixotropic Photoresponsive Thermoresponsive Microcarrier |
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