五种呋咱衍生物的新法合成

改进3-(N-2,4,6-三硝基苯基)-氨基-4-硝基呋咱、3-氨基-4-(1H-5-四唑基) 呋咱、3-硝基-4-(1H-5-四唑基) 呋咱、 3,3′-(1H-5-四唑基)-4,4′-偶氮呋咱及3-氨基-4-(4-氰基-5-氨基-1-1,2,3-三唑基) 呋咱的合成方法,反应条件相对温和,产率相应提高: 3-氨基-4-硝基呋咱与2,4,6-三硝基氯苯(苦基氯) 反应以36.1%的收率制得3-(N-2,4,6-三硝基苯基)-氨基-4-硝基呋咱； 3-氨基-4-氰基呋咱和叠氮基成环得到3-氨基-4-(1H-5-四唑基) 呋咱,产率90.9%； 以高锰酸钾为氧化剂氧化3-氨基-4-(1H-5-四唑基) 呋咱合成出86.8%的3,3′-(1H-5-四唑基) -4,4′-偶氮呋咱,以30%的双氧水、钨酸钠及甲磺酸为氧化体系则得到75.6%的3-硝基-4-(1H-5-四唑基) 呋咱； 3-氨基-4-叠氮基呋咱与丙二腈作用制得3-氨基-4-(4-氰基-5-氨基-1-1,2,3-三唑基) 呋咱,产率为91.8%； 采用核磁、红外、质谱等分析手段对所合成化合物进行结构表征。 

New Synthetic Route of Five Furazan Derivatives

The methods of synthesizing 3-(N-2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl)-amino-4-nitrofurazan, 3-amino-4-(tetrazole-5-yl) furazan, azotetrazolylfurazan, 3-nitro-4-tetrazolylfurazan and 3-amino-4-(4-cyano-5-amino-1, 2, 3-triazol) furazan were improved. The condition of reaction was mild and the yield of target compounds was increased corresponsively. 3-(N-2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl)-amino-4-nitrofurazan was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3-amino-4-nitrofurazan and 2, 4, 6-trinitro-chlorobenzene(picrylchloride). 3-Amino-4-(tetrazole-5-yl) furazan was obtained from cycloaddition of sodium azide and 3-amino-4-cyanofurazan. 3-Amino-4-(tetrazole-5-yl) furazan was treated with KMnO₄ as azo coupling reagent or H₂O₂, sodium tungstate and methylsulfonic acid as oxidant to afford azotetrazolylfurazan or 3-nitro-4-tetrazolylfurazan, respectively. 3-Amino-4-(4-cyano-5-amino-1, 2, 3-triazol) furazan was prepared by cycloaddition from 3-amino-4-azidofurazan and malononitrile. The yield of these five compounds was 36.1%, 90.9%, 86.8%, 75.6% and 81.8% respectively. These compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR and MS.