“绿色”溶剂离子液的研究进展

近年来，离子液由于其独特的优点, 在生物催化及化学合成领域越来越受到青睐。由于缺乏蒸气压，离子液作为绿色溶剂有很大潜能。此外，离子液不像极性有机溶剂那样会使酶失活，因而简化了类似含有糖类这样极性底物的反应。在离子液中，生物催化反应表现出较高的选择性、较快的反应速率和较高的酶稳定性。但这些溶剂还存在着离子液的纯化、控制水活性和pH、高粘度以及产品分离等问题。

Advances in environmentally-benign ionic liquids

It has attracted much attention from researchers that ionic liquids(IL) exhibits unique advantages in biocatalysis and chemical synthesis.Being lack of vapor pressure,IL shows potentials as green solvents;unlike organic solvents,IL does not inactivate enzymes,which simplifies reactions involving polar substrates such as sugars.Biocatalytic reactions show higher selectivity,faster reaction rates and better enzyme stability in ionic liquids.Problems with IL as solvents include difficulties in its purification,and control of water activity and pH,high viscosity and product separation.