大坝浇筑立体交叉作业空间竞争程度研究

为刻画大坝浇筑立体交叉作业空间竞争程度，分解混凝土运输、平仓、振捣等工序，分析空间竞争致灾过程，从微观粒度上识别存在空间竞争的交叉作业工序；依据危害能量流动路径与承灾体工序施工特征，同时结合人、机械、设备等承灾体的几何属性，分别界定危险源工序影响空间与承灾体工序工作空间；计算危害能量覆盖空间重叠区域的概率与承灾体出现在空间重叠区域的概率，采用联合概率表征大坝浇筑立体交叉作业空间竞争程度。研究结果表明：缆机垂直运输时立体交叉作业空间竞争程度达到峰值；缆机与浇筑仓面垂直距离越小，危险源工序影响空间面积越小，浇筑仓面上立体交叉作业空间竞争程度越小。

Competition of spatial conflict strength during cross operation of dam construction

In dam construction, the competition of conflicts in cross operation space is a major root of construction accidents. To study such competition, first we analyze the characteristics of cross operation of dam construction, describe the paths from spatial conflicts to accidents, decompose the processes of concrete transport, spreading and vibration, and identify the cross operation cases featured with spatial conflicts. Then, the influence space of hazardous installation process and the workspace of a hazardous body process are defined by using the paths of damaging energy flows and the characteristics of the hazardous body process respectively in combination with geometrical properties of hazardous bodies like a human, machine or facility. Finally, we determine the competition of cross operation spatial conflict strength by calculating the probability of the overlapping area covered by different damaging energies and the probability of the hazardous bodies coming into this area. The results show that the strongest competition occurs during the vertical transport of the cable crane and it could be lowered by reducing the vertical distance between the cable crane and construction storehouse surface.