Cyclic fatty acid monomer formation in frying fats. I. Determination and structural study |
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Authors: | José A Rojo Edward G Perkins |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Food Science, Burnsides Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, 1208 W. Pennsylvania Ave., 61801 Urbana, IL |
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Abstract: | The formation of monomeric cyclic fatty acids was studied in a model system in which partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSO)
was heated intermittently for 80 hr of simulated deep fat frying. Oil samples (fresh and heated) and their methyl esters were
fractionated according to their molecular size using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Oils and GPC fractions were analyzed
for cyclic monomers by the following steps: (i) preparation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME); (ii) microhydrogenation of
FAME; (iii) urea fractionation of hydrogenated FAME; (iv) analysis by capillary gas liquid chromatography (GLC), and (v) structural
characterization of cyclic monomer peaks by mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Under simulated frying conditions the concentration
of cyclic monomers increased from 736 ppm (0.07%) in fresh oil to 1803 ppm (0.18%) in heated oil. GC-MS with capillary columns
allowed the identification of several C18
α-disubstituted cyclohexane and cyclopentane isomers as hydrogenated methyl esters. Other noncyclic and contaminant compounds
eluting within the expected GLC retention range of cyclic monomers also were identified in all the samples and GPC fractions. |
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Keywords: | |
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