Integrative approach to design techniques

This paper summarizes a comprehensive approach to and arranges systematically theories and techniques of planning and design (P and D). Environmental P and D is expressed in terms of P and D theories, applied techniques and tools. Theories are categorized from abstract to real world applications, according to their basic characteristics: professional or user based. Matrices are set up for three basic fields of study: the application of current theories in P and D, the basic disciplines and current theories, and the research tools and techniques for different stages of the P and D process. Finally a conceptual framework is established for P and D.