Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水反相微乳液性质的研究

通过测定微乳液的电导率值,确定配制W/O型Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水微乳液的最大增溶水量;根据微乳液含水量与电导率关系曲线及体系的拟三元相图,讨论了正构醇种类、正构醇含量、乳化剂与油相质量比对W/O型微乳液的结构、电导率、增溶水量的影响。结果表明:乳化剂与油相质量比大于1时,正戊醇、正己醇和正庚醇为助剂配制的Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水体系微乳液有较大的增溶水量,而乳化剂与油相质量比大于1.5时,以正丁醇为助剂配制的Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水体系微乳液才有较大的增溶水量;正构醇的链长及加入量影响微液滴界面膜的强度,从而影响微乳液的增溶水量、电导率及微乳液形成区域的大小;对于Triton X-100/正构醇/石油醚/水体系,正戊醇是形成W/O型微乳液的较好助剂,当正戊醇与Triton X-100的质量比为0.5时,W/O型微乳液的形成区域最大。

Study of properties of Triton X - 100/alkanol/petroleum ether/water reverse microemulsions

The maximum water solubilization capacities of formulated Triton X-100/petroleum ether/alkanol/water W/O microemulsions were determined by measuring their electrical conductivity.Effects of alkanol chain length,content of alkanol and the mass ratio of emulsifier to the oil phase on the structure,electrical conductivity,and water solubilization capacity of W/O microemulsions were discussed according to the plot of electrical conductivity vs.mass fraction of water and the pseudo-ternary phase diagram.Results showed that,in case the mass ratio of emulsifier to oil is higher than 1,the microemulsion system formulated with pentanol,hexanol as well as heptanol as co-surfactant displays greater water solubilization capacity,while in case for butanol as co-surfactant,the mass ratio of emulsifier to oil should be higher than 1.5 to achieve greater water solubilization capacity.The alkanol chain length and the content of alkanol affect the strength of the interfacial film of the liquid particles,thereby affect the water solubilization capacity,the electrical conductivity and the size of the microemulsion region.For the Triton X-100/petroleum ether/alkanol/water W/O microemulsion systems,pentanol is the better co-surfactant.When the mass ratio for pentanol to Triton X-100 is 0.5,the size of the microemulsion region is the largest.