化妆品防腐剂的短期抑菌效能评价

分别将金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌的菌悬液与适当浓度的杰马BP、GVL和尼泊金甲酯（以下简称尼甲）3种防腐剂的水溶液或添加防腐剂的化妆品混合均匀，作用4h、8h和24h后进行菌落总数测定，以细菌总数的杀灭对数值作为评价指标。结果显示，尼甲按1：1000-3：1000的比例加入水中后，对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用弱。浓度提高到5：1000～15：1000加入化妆品中后，对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果明硅增强．但对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑杀作用反而减弱。在膏状化妆品中尼甲对大肠杆菌的抑杀作用明显强于液状化妆品。GPL和杰马BP在0．05％～0．15％的水溶液中对2种致病菌产牛明显甚至强烈的抑杀作用，且对2种菌的抑杀强度基本相同，浓度提高到O．25％～0．75％并加入化妆品中后，抑菌效果明显下降。在膏状化妆品中GPL和杰马BP对大肠杆菌的抑杀作用强于金黄色葡萄球菌。膏状和液状化妆品中GPL和杰马BP对大肠杆菌的抑杀作用基本相当。

Evaluation on short-term bacteriostatic efficacy of cosmetic antiseptics

Suspensions of staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli were added to aqueous solution of germall BP,GPL and methylparaben or cosmetics containing these preservatives of proper concentration respectively,then mixed thoroughly.After kept in ambient temperature for 4h,8h or 24h,the total bacterial counts in these mixtures were determined,and the killing logarithm was set as a parameter for evaluation of short-term bacteriostatic efficacy.Results: while addded to water in a ratio of 1∶1 000~3∶1 000,methylparaben exhibited a weak inhibition on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.While added in cosmetics with concentrations of 5∶1 000~15∶1 000,methylparaben inhibited and killed Escherichia coli more quickly and remarkably;on the contrary,it showed a more weaker inhibition on Staphylococcus aureus.Methylparaben presented stronger bacteriostatic efficacy on Escherichia coli in paste cosmetics than that in liquid cosmetics.Aqueous solution of Germall BP and GPL at concentrations of 0.05%~0.15% exhibited significant to strong bacteriostatic efficacy on staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,and with basically the same degree between the two bacteria;however,their bacteriostatic efficacy dropped distinctly in cosmetics at concentrations of 0.25%~0.75%.Germall BP and GPL presented basically the same bacteriostatic efficacy on Escherichia coli in both paste cosmetics and liquid cosmetics.