军队依托培养的经济学分析

军队依托培养实质是军队利用普通高等教育资源培养军事人才，这是由军事人力资本的专用性决定的。从交易费用经济学看来，军队可通过“购买”即采取依托普通高校培养或直接从外部市场引入方式来积累军民通用性人力资本；采用“自制”方式即军队白行投资获取军事专用性人力资本。“制造-购买决策”在于军队对每一项人力资本投资的边际制造成本等于其边际购买成本时的均衡纵向规模，均衡纵向规模大则投资倾向于制造，反之倾向于购买。

An Economics Analysis on Depending Army Cultivation

The essence of depending army training is that the army makes use of common higher educational resources to bring up military talent, and it is determinate by the specialty of military human capital. From the perspectives of transaction cost economics, the army can obtain military and civilian universal hu- man capital through ＂purchase＂, namely in the mode of relying on general universities or introducing fund from external market directly; meanwhile, the army can obtain specialized military human capital through investing by the army itself. The manufacture-- purchase decision lies in that the marginal manufacturing cost of each human capital investment equals to the equilibrium vertical scale of its marginal purchase cost. If the latter overweighs, we choose manufacture, otherwise we tend to purchase.