城市河口填海特征及其生态影响的形态学研究

淤泥质河口是填海建港主要地区，体现出明显城市化形态特征，却未在城市形态学领域引发实质性研究，导致填海规划缺乏指导。本文选择20个研究对象，以适宜分辨率Goo对eEanh影像为数据源，利用形态绘制方法，依据基础形态指数稳定域，得出河口区适宜研究幅度和精度，并利用填海方式破碎度和潮间带特征指数分析河口形态与生态特征。结果显示，多数案例河口因填海使潮间带衰退严重；亚洲填海河口在以潮间带相关指数为生态评价要素的前提下，反映出较差形态稳定性和生态状况；同等填海规模下，单斑块填海比多斑块分散填海对潮间带侵占破坏更大。

Morphological Analysis of Characteristics and Relevant Ecological Effects of Reclaimed Estuaries

Muddy estuaries have always been reclaimed to construct ports. Their morphology shows obvious urbanized characteristics but have not been studied deeply in urban morphological studies, resulting in lack of guidance in reclamation. This paper led a study on 20 reclaimed muddy estuarine ports, using Google Earth images as data sources with proper resolution. According to the stability thresholds of basic indices, 100-300kin2 research extents and 6mx6m minimum mapping unit （MMU） were used in the process of mapping urban estuaries. The indices about reclamation pattern and intertidal zone were calculated and classified for analysis of the relationship between estuarine morphology and ecological characteristics. The result shows that, for most cases, intertidal zones are experiencing serious recession. The reclaimed estuaries in Asia are characterized by poorer morphology stability and worse ecological condition. The correlation analyses of the indices indicate that single-patch reclamation brings greater damage to the intertidal zones than dispersed pattern on the same scale.