A high-capacity lithium–air battery with Pd modified carbon nanotube sponge cathode working in regular air |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;1. Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, Helmholtz Straße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany;2. Materials Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Straße 70, Chemnitz 09107, Germany;3. Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, Helmholtz Straße 20, Dresden 01069, Germany;4. College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey;2. Group for Applied Materials and Electrochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino, Italy;3. TDinamik Energy Investment and Foreign Trade Company, Istanbul, Turkey;1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;2. National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Power Sources, Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin 300384, China;3. Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China;2. Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), College of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China;3. College of Art and Design, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 712081, China;1. College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China |
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| Abstract: | We report a lithium–air battery with a free-standing, highly porous Pd-modified carbon nanotube (Pd–CNT) sponge cathode. The Pd-CNT sponge was synthesized through a chemical vapor deposition growth followed with an electrochemical deposition process. To build a whole lithium–air battery, the air cathode is integrated with a ceramic electrolyte-protected lithium metal anode and non-volatile ionic liquid electrolyte. The lithium anode is stable during the operation and long-time storage and the ionic liquid is chemically inert. By controlling the amount of ionic liquid electrolyte, the sponge is wet but not fulfilled by the electrolyte. Such configuration offers a tricontinuous passage for lithium ions, oxygen and electrons, which is propitious to the discharge reaction. In addition, the existence of Pd nanoparticles improves the catalytic reactivity of the oxygen reduction reaction. The battery is durable to any humidity level and delivers a capacity as high as 9092 mA h g?1. |
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