基于传声器阵列的输电线噪声源定位*

结合噪声源定位方法和阵列信号处理技术,设计了一种能提取输电线噪声的传声器阵列,利用该阵列采集了复杂声场条件下的输电线噪声数据,并分析了噪声源的频谱特性和空间分布特征,验证了宽带频域近场聚焦波束形成方法对输电线噪声源定位的有效性.通过实验观测发现,西安上苑330 kV高压输电线噪声源主要为高频随机噪声,其频率集中在2～ 10 kHz范围内,信号能量分布较均匀;在频段为2～8 kHz范围内的噪声信号,增大信号处理的带宽可以提高声源定位的精度,但如果信号处理的带宽超过了输电线的主频范围,定位性能会变差.

Localization of sound sources of the power transmission line based on sensor array processing

Combining with algorithms of noise localization and array signal processing, a microphone array which analyzes the noise of the power transmission line was designed. Noise of the power transmission line in complicated background was sampled with the designed array. The characteristics of the noise spectrum and spatial distribution were analyzed and the availability of using the broadband frequency domain focused beamforming to localize the noise source was verified. Through the experimental observation, it can be found that the accuracy of sound source localization increases as the bandwidth of the signal processing improves. While, the performance would degrade if the bandwidth exceed a certain limit.