煤矿冲击地压扰动响应失稳理论及应用

针对煤矿冲击地压问题,对扰动响应失稳理论展开研究,使其从机理、预测和防治方面形成一个完整体系。提出了煤岩体变形系统控制量、扰动量和响应量的概念,分析了冲击地压扰动响应的失稳机理及条件,认为冲击地压是煤岩变形系统在扰动下响应趋于无限大而发生的失稳,若系统处于非稳定平衡状态,则无论扰动增量大小,都会导致系统失稳。严格按扰动响应失稳理论导出了圆形巷道发生冲击地压的解析解,并得到煤岩变形系统扰动量、响应量存在临界指标,临界指标由控制量决定。从控制量、扰动量和响应量的角度对冲击地压的监测和防治进行了叙述,采动应力监测等是针对扰动量的监测,钻屑法、微震法等是针对响应量的监测,合理开采布局、开采保护层、合理留设煤柱、断顶等是针对扰动量的防治,煤层钻孔、注水、爆破、加强支护等是针对控制量的防治。

Disturbance response instability theory of rockburst in coal mine

To make it a complete system of the mechanism,prediction and control of rockburst,disturbance response instability theory is deeply studied in this paper.Control quantity,disturbance quantity and response quantity of coal rock deformation system is proposed.Rockburst is concluded as a instability phenomenon of coal rock deformed system which happens when disturbance response approaches to infinite and disturbance response instability conditions of rockburst are given,if the coal and rock deformation system is in an unsteady equilibrium state,characteristic displacement of plastic softening deformation area will increase infinitely no matter how small the disturbance increment is.The analytical solution of rockburst happens in circular roadway is derived strictly observe disturbance response instability theory,and it indicates that there are critical indexes for disturbance quantity and response quantity,the critical indexes are determined by control quantity.Monitor and control of rockburst are narrated from the angle of control quantity,disturbance quantity and response quantity.Monitoring methods such as mining stress monitoring are aimed at disturbance quantity,while monitoring methods such as drilling cuttings methods and microseismic methods are aimed at response quantity.Prevent methods such as rational mining layout,mining protective layer,rational coal pillar retention,break roof are aimed at disturbance quantity,while prevent methods such as coal seam drilling,coal seam water injection,coal seam blasting,strengthening support are aimed at disturbance quantity.