我国放顶煤开采的工程实践与理论进展

系统总结了35年来我国放顶煤开采的工程实践历程，将其分为探索阶段、推广应用阶段、拓展阶段、成熟与输出阶段，放顶煤技术已经成为我国煤炭开采在世界上的标志性技术和成果。将放顶煤开采的理论研究与进展归纳为借鉴阶段、探索阶段和创新阶段，介绍了在放煤规律方面的创新性理论成果，提出了下一步放顶煤开采的理论研究要针对性地开展顶煤破碎机理、散体顶煤放出规律、支架与围岩关系、岩层移动规律、全煤巷道支护机理、放顶煤开采的经济学基础等方面研究，深入的理论研究可以进一步指导放顶煤技术完善和扩大应用范围。

Engineering practice and theoretical progress of top-coal caving mining technology in China

This paper summarizes the engineering practice of longwall top-coal caving (LTCC) in China in the past 35 years,which can be divided into three stages:exploratory stage,promotes application stage,expands stage,mature and output stage.LTCC has become a representative technology and achievement of Chinese coal mining practice around the world.The theoretical research and progress of LTCC are summarized as the stage of reference,the stage of exploration and the stage of innovation.Innovative theoretical achievements in the field of top-coal drawing law are introduced and some directions of the theoretical research of LTCC in the stage of innovation are proposed.For example:the fracture mechanism of top-coal,the drawing law of the loose top-coal,the relationship between the support and the surrounding rock,the strata movement law,the supporting mechanism of full coal roadway,basic economics of LTCC,etc.In-depth theoretical research can further guide the improvement of LTCC technology and expand its application.