市售活鸡和腹泻患者中非伤寒沙门菌分子特征和耐药性研究

分析市售活鸡及腹泻患者中非伤寒沙门菌的分子特征的相似性及耐药性,预防沙门菌的感染流行。方法 收集2012年1月—2013年10月从1 054份腹泻患者粪便样品及440份农贸市场的活鸡肛拭子中分离出的非伤寒沙门菌株93株,进行血清分型,对常见的非伤寒沙门菌采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)进行分子分型、Bionumerisc v4.0进行聚类分析、纸片扩散法(K-B法)进行药物敏感性试验。结果 1 054份腹泻样品中共检出非伤寒沙门菌88株,分离率为8.35%,分为25种血清型,肠炎沙门菌居多。其中0～2岁的婴幼儿检出率较高,占52.27%(46/88)。PFGE结果:16株肠炎沙门菌分成14个PFGE型、12株斯坦利沙门菌分成11个PFGE型、14株鼠伤寒沙门菌分成14个PFGE型、6株德尔卑沙门菌分成5个PFGE型；对菌株间的相似性进行比较发现两个100%同源的肠炎沙门菌PFGE型,其他菌株的分子特征的相似性不大,鸡源菌株与人源菌株的分子特征相似性不大；对12种抗菌药物的耐药率在50%以下,不同的血清型耐药率各不相同,耐药较严重的为德尔卑沙门菌。440份活体鸡肛拭子分离出的非伤寒沙门菌5株,分离率为1.14%,共分得4种血清型,其中姆班达卡沙门菌病人中未检出。结论 该地区由非伤寒沙门菌引起腹泻的感染率高,尤以婴幼儿多见,患者与鸡未发现有同一克隆株,对常用抗生素有很好的敏感性。

Investigation on the molecular characteristics and drug resistance of non- typhoidal Salmonella isolates from commercial chickens and diarrhea patients

To analyze the similarity of molecular characters and drug resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from commercial chickens and patients with diarrhea, and to prevent the infection of Salmonella.Methods93 Salmonella strains were isolated and serotyped from 1 054 stool specimens of diarrhea patients and 440 anal swab of live chickens from markets which were collected from January 2012 to October 2013. Common non-typhoidal Salmonella were molecular classified by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), clustering analysis was conducted by Bionumerisc v4.0 and drug sensitivity test was conducted by K-B method. Results88 strains of non-typhoidal Salmonella were detected in 1 054 diarrhea specimens, with the detection rate of 8.35%. The strains were subtyped into 25 serotype, and Salmonella enteritis was the majority. 46 strains of hon- typhoidal Salmonella were detected from patients under the age of 2 accounting for 52.27%. The PFGE showed that 16 strains of Salmonella enteritidis could be divided into 14 patterns, 12 strains of Salmonella stanley could be divided into 11 patterns, 14 strains of Salmonella typhimurium could be divided into 14 patterns and 6 strains of Salmonella derby could be divided into 5 patterns. The similarity between the strains were compared and two PFGE patterns of Salmonella enteritidis were 100% homologous, while there was little similarity in other strains. Meanwhile, there was little similarity between strains from chicken and patients. The drug resistance rate of non-typhoidal Salmonella derby to 12 kinds of antibiotics was below 50%. The drug resistance rate of different serotype was not identical, and Salmonella derby had a high resistance. 5 strains of non-typhoidal Salmonella were isolated from 440 anal swab in chicken with the detection rate of 1.14%. The strains were divided into 4 serotype, and Salmonella mbandaka was not detected in patients.ConclusionThe rate of diarrhea caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella was high in this region, especially in infants and young children. Strains from patients and chickens did not have the same clone so that common antibiotics had a good sensitivity.