古建筑传统防火措施适用性模拟分析

基于FDS软件对古建筑的防火措施包括墙壁涂泥抹灰、天井、瓦屋顶和山墙等进行适用性分析。结果表明：室内墙壁涂泥抹灰具有较好的防火功能，可延缓火灾轰燃时间60 s，减少古建筑木材损失18%；天井面积增大可延缓火灾在水平方向的蔓延，轰燃面积减小；随着天井面积增大，离火源较远区域的升温速率降低，而离火源较近区域的升温速率先降低后增加；瓦屋顶能够有效防止飞火，建议古建筑屋顶采用瓦或其他难燃材料进行完全遮盖；山墙可一定程度阻隔飞火向邻近房屋蔓延，建议天井两侧的山墙高度高出屋檐0.5 m以上。

Simulation analysis of traditional fire prevention measures in ancient building

Based on the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), this paper analyzes the applicability of fire prevention measures of ancient buildings, including wall plastering, patio, tile roof and gable. The results are as follows: The indoor wall plastering has good fire prevention function with a fire delay of 60 seconds, reducing the wood loss of ancient buildings by 18%; The increase in patio area can delay the spread of fire in horizontal direction and reduce the area of flashover; When the area of the patio increases, the heating rate of the area far away from the fire source decreases over time, and the heating rate of the area near the fire source decreases first and then increases; Tile roof can effectively resist flying fire. It is suggested that the roof in ancient architecture should be completely covered with tile or other difficult combustible materials; Due to the fire resistance test, it is suggested that the height of the gables on both sides of the patio should be higher than the eaves 0.5 meters at least.