消火栓布置与开关状态对流量和压降的影响

应用数值模拟的方法研究了室外地上式消火栓在不同出口开关状态下的压降和流动特性，计算了管路内多个消火栓间距不同时的流量特性。结果表明，消火栓出口约19%的流体流速远低于平均流速，无法喷向指定灭火点；打开多个出口会导致每个出口压力降低58.3%~85.7%、流量减小28.3%~62.7%，不利于高层灭火和远距离灭火；打开管路内多个消火栓时，单个消火栓流量减小了13.5%~33.8%，总流量减小了14.6%~27.0%；随着消火栓间距从10 m 增大至120 m，位于中下游的消火栓流量会逐渐减小。研究可为消火栓的安装和使用提供指导。

Influence of hydrant arrangement and switching state on flow and pressure drop

We use the numerical simulation method to study the pressure drop and flow characteristics of outdoor fire hydrant under different outlet switch states, and the flow characteristics of multiple fire hydrants with different spacing in the pipeline are calculated. The results show that the flow rate of about 19% of the fluid at the fire hydrant outlet is much lower than the average flow rate, which cannot be sprayed to the designated firefighting point; opening more than one switch will cause the pressure reduced by 58.3%~85.7%, and flow reduced by 28.3%~62.7%, which will harm the high- rise building firefighting and long distance firefighting; when multiple hydrants are opened, the flow of single fire hydrant is reduced by 13.5%~33.8%, and the total flow is reduced by 14.6%~27.0%; besides, with the increase of fire hydrant spacing from 10 m to 120 m, the flow of fire hydrants in the middle and lower reaches will be gradually reduced. The study can provide guidance for the installation and use of fire hydrants