甘肃省窑天煤田环境特征评估及生态恢复研究

甘肃省窑天煤田位于兰州市西北部，是以兰州为中心的重要能源基地，矿田以窑街矿区、大有矿区、大滩矿区、炭山岭矿区为主。矿田已生产多年，因采煤造成了一系列的矿山地质环境。以窑街矿区为例，通过矿山现场地质调查评估，评估区发育地裂缝群3处，高陡边坡2处，泥石流地质灾害弱发育，将其划分为地质灾害危害程度“严重区”、“较严重区”、“较轻区”。针对不同的地质灾害危险区，采取有效的地质环境恢复治理手段，通过对矿山地面塌陷、地裂缝、易滑坡地段进行防治，减少矿业活动对地质环境的破坏，达到经济效益、环境效益、社会效益最大化，实现矿产资源的可持续性发展。

Evaluation of environmental characteristics and ecological restoration of Yaotian Coalfield in Gansu Province

The Yaotian Coalfield in Gansu Province is located in the northwest of Lanzhou City and is an important energy base centered on Lanzhou.The mine has been in production for many years,and coal mining has created a series of mine geological environments.Taking the Yaojie mining area as an example,through the on-site geological survey and evaluation of the mine,there were 3 ground fissures,2 high and steep slopes,and weak development of debris flow geological disasters in the evaluation area"severe area"and"lighter area".For different geological disaster risk areas,took effective measures to restore and control the geological environment,through the prevention and control of mine ground subsidence,ground fissures and landslide-prone areas,the damage to the geological environment caused by mining activities could be reduced,the economic,environmental and social benefits could be maximized,and the sustainable development of mineral resources could be achieved.