全球油气探明储量与大油气田的分布及地质构造背景

世界探明油气储量的空间分布很不均匀，其中中东地区的油气储量最为丰富。全球大油气田的分布可划分为27个聚集区，其构造类型可归纳为6类。从构造背景分析，以被动边缘型和大陆裂谷型大油气田为主。笔者扼要而综合性地介绍全球油气探明（剩余可采）储量、油气储产比、大油气田聚集区的地域分布及其特征，大油气田的发现与分布特征及其在油气储量中所占的比重与作用，大油气田形成区的大地构造类型，进而举例介绍典型大油气田的地质概况,如典型大油气田加瓦尔油田和乌连戈伊气田的油气地质特征。

Correlation of Globally Proved Oil-Gas Reserves and Distribution of Giant Size Oil-Gas Fields and Geotectonic Settings

The proved oil and gas reserves are distributed variedly around the world,among which the Middle East boasts the largest oil and gas reserves.Global giant oil-gas fields can be grouped into 27 accumulation areas,the tectonic settings of which can be categorized into 6 types.According to perspective of tectonic settings,most of them fall into the categories of continental rifts and passive margins.This paper also briefly introduces the tectonic settings and oil-gas geological characteristics of Ghawar oil field and Urengoy gas field. This paper introduces briefly and comprehensively the globally proved reserves of oil and gas(i.e.residual recoverable reserves,reserve and production ratio),the geographical distribution and characteristics of giant size oil-gas accumulation regions,the discovery and distribution features of giant oil-gas fields and their proportion in the oil and gas reserves,as well as the geotectonic types in the giant size oil-gas accumulation regions.We also take an example to introduce the geological settings of typical giant oil-gas fields.