基于特征筛选和改进深度森林的变压器内部机械状态声纹识别

变压器声纹信号包含大量反映内部机械状态的有效信息。为实现变压器内部机械状态不停电检测，提出一种基于特征筛选和改进深度森林的变压器机械状态声纹识别方法。首先，利用自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)声纹信号得到本征模态函数(IMF)，并通过频谱分析和皮尔逊相关系数对IMF分量进行筛选，得到包含故障信息的IMF分量。其次，利用各IMF分量在频段上的分布情况进行高、低频段划分，依据高、低频段IMF分量的差异性，将高频段IMF分量的时频能量和低频段IMF分量的幅值特性作为特征指标，构成特征向量，输入改进后的深度森林模型，得到10种机械松动状态的声纹识别结果。最后，通过现场试验验证了该方法的有效性。研究结果表明：所提方法对10种机械松动状态的平均识别准确率达99.2%。与传统变压器声纹特征相比，所提声纹特征区分度更高；与传统识别模型相比，所提改进深度森林识别模型复杂度更低，训练速度更快，识别准确率更高。

Voiceprint Recognition of Transformer Internal Mechanical State Based on Feature Screening and Improved Deep Forest

Transformer voiceprint signal contains a lot of effective information reflecting the internal mechanical state. In order to realize uninterrupted detection of internal mechanical state of transformera voiceprint recognition method of transformer mechanical state based on feature screening and improved deep forest is proposed. Firstlythe intrinsic mode function(IFM) is obtained by decomposing the voiceprint signal with the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN)and the IMF component containing the fault information is obtained by filtering the IMF components through spectrum analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient. Secondlythe distribution of each IMF component in the frequency band is used to divide the high and low frequency bands. According to the difference of the IMF components in the high and low frequency bandsthe time-frequency energy of the IMF component in the high frequency band and the amplitude characteristic of the IMF component in the low frequency band are used as characteristic indicators to form a feature vectorwhich is input into the improved deep forest modeland the voiceprint recognition results of 10 mechanical loose states are obtained. Finallythe effectiveness of the method is verified by field experiments. The research results show that the average recognition accuracy of the proposed method is 99.2% for 10 mechanical loose states. Compared with the traditional transformer voiceprint featurethe proposed voiceprint feature has higher discrimination; Compared with the traditional recognition modelthe proposed improved deep forest recognition model has lower complexityfaster training speed and higher recognition accuracy.