Innovation in multifunctional bioabsorbable osteoconductive drug-releasing hard tissue fixation devices |
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Authors: | N Ashammakhi M Veiranto E Suokas J Tiainen S-M Niemelä P Törmälä |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute of Biomaterials, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland;(2) Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland;(3) Linvatec Biomaterials Ltd., Tampere, Finland |
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Abstract: | We review in this paper the work performed by our group to develop multifunctional bioabsorbable ciprofloxacin releasing bone
implants. Poly lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA 80/20 and polylactide (P(L/DL)LA 70/30) were used. Ciprofloxacin (CF) and bioactive
glass (BaG) 13-93 were added. The mixture was then extruded and self-reinforced. CF release, mechanical strength, and the
effect on S. epidermidis attachment and biofilm formation were evaluated. In rabbits, tissue reactions were assessed. Pull out strength was evaluated
in cadaver bones. CF was released over 44 weeks (P(L/DL)LA) and 23–26 weeks (PLGA). Initial shear strength of the CF screws
was 152 MPa (P(L/DL)LA) and 172 MPa (PLGA). Strength was retained for 12 weeks (P(L/DL)LA) and 9 weeks (PLGA). Histologically,
CF releasing implants did not show much difference from control plain PLGA screws except for increased giant cells. CF miniscrews
had lower pullout strength than the controls, but CF tacks had better values than controls. BaG led to a drop in pullout strength
properties. Bacterial growth, attachment and biofilm formation on CF implants was significantly reduced when compared to controls.
Accordingly, bioabsorbable multifunctional implants with appropriate CF release, mechanical, and biocompatibility properties
are possible to develop and are considered appropriate to apply clinically. |
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