中小城镇供水项目的主要环境影响

基于中小城镇供水项目的环境影响评价实践,研究了该类项目的工程特点及环境特征,分析了项目建设对自然环境和社会环境各方面的影响,阐述了主要的影响方面,并探讨了影响分析中应注意的问题。中小城镇供水项目规模较小,水源一般选取县城上游的河流、水库或地下水,净水厂选址于城市规划区边缘,周边为农村地带,其影响主要体现在水资源、生态环境、居民生活、城市交通及人群健康等方面。同时,供水项目受外部环境的影响,如水量水质的保障等制约因素也是重要的环境问题。文中通过评价实例重点探讨了中小城镇供水项目评价重点之一的水源地方案分析及水源水质的污染分析与保护。

Major environment impacts of water supply projects in small towns

This paper studies the potential environment impacts of water supply projects(WSP) in small towns,based on analysis of engineering characteristics of projects and local environment features.The major impacts and the key points to be focused on in EIA are put forward.WSPs in small towns have major environment impacts on water resources,ecology,resident living conditions,traffic and public health,etc.Due to their small scale,water sources involve river,reservoir and/or groundwater in the upstream of towns and the location of clarification plants are usually selected at the edge of planning area of the town,generally nearby rural areas.Moreover,WSPs are subject to the quantity and quality of water source,which may greatly influence the feasibility of projects.The major environment impacts of water source for WSPs are illustrated through case studies in Henan Province.