蒸汽与液氨爆破对白酒丢糟稀硫酸降解工艺的影响研究

以白酒厂丟糟为原料,自制爆破装置,采用化学分析与扫描电镜、X射线衍射相结合的方法,分别研究了蒸汽爆破在温度200℃～220℃,维压时间5min～20min,压力1.0MPa～4.0MPa;液氨爆破在温度60℃～80℃,维压时间10min～30min,压力1.0MPa～4.0MPa的条件下,蒸汽与液氨爆破预处理对丢糟的主要成分与稀硫酸水解还原糖得率的影响。结果表明,当蒸汽爆破条件为温度210℃,时间10min,压力2.5MPa时,处理后物料纤维素含量33.42%,半纤维素19.03%,稀硫酸水解还原糖得率最高51.92%;当液氨爆破条件为温度70℃,时间30min,压力2.5MPa时,处理后物料纤维素含量19.01%,半纤维素32.45%,稀硫酸水解还原糖得率最高48.09%。SEM与XRD显示,蒸汽与液氨爆破后白酒丢糟纤维形态结构受到不同程度的破坏,表面断裂、空隙增加,纤维素的结晶度降低,有利于稀酸水解作用的进行。

Effects of steam explosion and liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment on the distiller' s grains' dilute acid degradation

Using selfmade explosive device,this study has researched the effect of Distiller’s Grains’ dilute acid degradation by steam explosion treatment(temperature:200℃～220℃,pressure: 1.0MPa～4.0MPa,hold time: 5min～20min) and liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment(temperature: 60℃～ 80℃,pressure: 1.0MPa～4.0MPa,hold time: 10min～30min).Meanwhile,chemical analysis,scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) have been used.The results show that the cellulose,hemicellulose and reducing sugar of dilute acid degradation concentration are 33.42%,19.03% and 51.92%,respectively when the steam explosion treatment conditions are at 210℃,2.5MPa for 10min.While the cellulose,hemicellulose and reducing sugar of dilute acid degradation concentration are 19.01%,32.45% and 48.05%,respectively when the liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment condition is at 70℃,2.5MPa for 30min.At the same time,the results of SEM and XRD revealed that the morphological structure of distiller’s grains are changed more or less that the surface has been ruptured and the space has been increased while the crystallinity of cellulose has been reduced after the steam explosion treatment and liquid ammonia blasting pretreatment,which are benefit for the dilute acid hydrolysis.