植物气生根在富营养水治理中的应用——以夹竹桃为例

根据植物气生根能吸收水体中氮、磷养分的特性,首次提出了利用气生根处理富营养水的新方法。以夹竹桃为研究对象,在人工模拟的滨水环境(模拟植物种植于堤岸壁或堤岸上,部分枝叶处于水淹状态的情形)中诱导气生根的生长。结果表明:仅需满足夹竹桃的基本生存条件(土壤、阳光、水和温度),77%的夹竹桃能够适应水淹环境并长出较密集的气生根(平均生根率为38%);夹竹桃对水体TP,TN,NH₃-N,NO₂-N,NO₃-N和浊度NTU的实际去除率分别为27.3%,29.1%,17.1%,20.5%,1.6%和0.7%;同时,栽种在岸堤壁或岸堤上的夹竹桃还具有一定水土保持的作用和景观绿化效果。因此,该方法是一种集富营养水净化、水土保持和景观绿化为一体的新型治理富营养水方法。

Application of Aerial Roots in Eutrophic Water Treatment: A Case Study on Neriumindicum

We report here a new method using aerial roots of plant to clean eutrophic water. Neriumindicum was used as the test plant. Aerial roots grew in a controlled artificial environment similar to riverbank (plants grew on the riverbank or bank wall, and part of the branches and leaves were inundated in water). Results showed that given basic living conditions (soil, sunshine, water and temperature), aerial roots developed on 77% of the test plants with an average rooting rate of 38%. The removal rate of TP, TN, NH₃-N, NO₂-N, NO₃-N and turbidity NTU was 27.3%, 29.1%, 17.1%, 20.5%, 1.60% and 0.70%, respectively. Plants grown on river bank also contribute to soil and water conservation and landscape greenery. Therefore, this method integrates functions of eutrophic water purification, soil and water conservation, and landscape greenery.