Volatiles from a Mite-Infested Spruce Clone and Their Effects on Pine Weevil Behavior |
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Authors: | Astrid Kännaste Henrik Nordenhem Göran Nordlander Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Ecological Chemistry Group, Royal Institute of Technology, KTH, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;(2) Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;(3) Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; |
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Abstract: | Induced responses by Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings to feeding damage by two mite species were studied by analyzing the volatiles emitted during infestation. Four
specimens of a Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) clone were infested with mites of Nalepella sp., another four with Oligonychus ununguis, and four were kept mite-free as controls. After a year of infestation, spruce volatiles were collected, analyzed, and identified
using SPME-GC-MS. In addition, enantiomers of chiral limonene and linalool were separated by two-dimensional GC. Methyl salicylate
(MeSA), (-)-linalool, (E)-β-farnesene, and (E,E)-α-farnesene were the main volatiles induced by both species of mites, albeit in different proportions. The ability of the
main compounds emitted by the mite-infested spruces to attract or repel the pine weevil, Hylobius abietis (L.), was tested. (E)-β-farnesene was found to be attractive in the absence of spruce odor, whereas methyl salicylate had a deterrent effect in
combination with attractive spruce odor. The other tested compounds had no significant effects on the behavior of the weevils. |
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