不同种质资源芜菁花朵香气成分的研究

采用顶空-固相微萃取（HS/SPME）结合气相色谱-质谱联用（GC/MS）技术对4种不同种质资源芜菁花朵的香气成分进行分析与鉴定。结果表明，4种芜菁花朵中共有的香气成分为15种，其中以2-己烯醛的相对含量最高，α-金合欢烯相对含量最低；两种杂交芜菁W1和W2的花朵检测出共有的香气成分为30种；通过游离小孢子培养技术获得的双单倍体植株（W3）、单倍体植株（W4）的花朵中检测出特有香气成分4种，分别是3-硫环己醇、5-甲硫基戊腈、3-甲硫基喹啉、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯；游离小孢子培养技术获得的植株花朵和杂交芜菁花朵之间香气成分具有明显的差别，为进一步研究和开发利用芜菁种质资源奠定了理论基础。

Aroma components of Brassica rapa flowers from different germplasm resources

The aroma components of Brassica rapa flowers from four kinds of different germplasm resources were analyzed and identified by head space-solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) technology. The results showed that the common aroma components in the four kinds of B. rapa flowers were 15 kinds, among which the relative content of 2-hexenal aldehyde was the highest, and the relative content of α-acacene was the lowest. The flowers of hybrid B. rapa W1 and W2 were detected 30 kinds of common aroma components. The flowers of double-haploid plants W3 and haplobiont plants W4 which were obtained by free microspore culture technique were detected 4 kinds of characteristic aroma components, including 3-thiocyclohexanol, 5-methylthio-pentanenitrile, 3-methyl sulfate quinoline and dibutyl phthalate. There was a significant difference between aroma components of plant flowers obtained by free microspore culture technique and hybrid B. rapa. It laid a theoretical foundation for further research, development and utilization of B. rapa germplasm resources.