水牛乳中可培养乳酸菌多样性分析

采用传统分离培养方法，从三品杂交生水牛奶混合样品中，分离出105株乳酸菌，通过形态、生理生化、API细菌鉴定系统及16S rDNA基因序列分析方法对各菌株属种进行鉴定。16S rRNA序列分析结果显示，105株菌共分为5个属8个种，呈现较为丰富的乳酸菌多样性，具体数量分布为乳酸乳球菌21株，植物乳杆菌19株，格氏乳球菌17株，乳明串珠菌13株，食窦魏斯氏菌11株，肠膜明串珠菌8株，类肠膜魏斯氏菌6株，嗜热链球菌5株，糊精乳杆菌5株。由此可知，水牛乳中可培养乳酸菌优势菌群的主次关系为：乳酸乳球菌（Lactococcus lactis）＞植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantaru）＞格氏乳球菌（Lactococcus garvieae）＞乳明串珠菌（Leuconostoc lactis）＞食窦魏斯氏菌（Weissella cibaria），此为后续开发水牛乳中优势乳酸菌资源提供了良好的理论基础。

Diversity analysis of culturable lactic acid bacteria in water buffalo milk

105 strains were isolated from the milk samples of hybrid buffalo by traditional method in this study. The strains were identified by morphological, physiological and biochemical identification, API system and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Results showed that 105 strains were classified into 5 genera and 8 species, 21 strains were Lactococcus lactis, 19 strains were Lactobacillus plantaru, 17 strains were Lactococcus garvieae, 13 strains were Leuconostoc lactis, 11 strains were Weissella cibaria, 8 strains were Leuconostoc mesenteroides, 6 strains were Weissella paramesenteroides, 5 strains were Streptococcus thermophilus, and 5 strains were Lactobacillus dextrinicus, which presenting a rich diversity of lactic acid bacteria. Therefore, the culturable dominate lactic bacteria in the buffalo milk in order were as follows: Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantaru, Lactococcus garvieae, Leuconostoc lactis and Weissella cibaria. The results were beneficial to the development and research of lactic acid bacteria in water buffalo milk.