Formic acid in caustic cephalic secretions of stingless bee,Oxytrigona (Hymenoptera: Apidae) |
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| Authors: | D. W. Roubik B. H. Smith R. G. Carlson |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute APDO, 2072 Balboa, Republic of Panama;(2) APO, 34002-0011 Miami, Florida;(3) Department of Entomology, University of Kansas, 66045 Lawrence, Kansas;(4) Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 66045 Lawrence, Kansas;(5) Present address: Dept. of Entomology, University of California at Berkeley, 94720 Berkeley, CA |
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| Abstract: | The cephalic extracts of two species in the stingless bee genusOxytrigona were analyzed. Extracts made in diethyl ether, and then derivatized with diphenyldiazomethane, revealed large quantities of formic acid, potentially a major defensive secretion of this stingless bee group. We additionally identify several hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, and acetates. Novel diketones identified by others were detected in both species. |
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| Keywords: | Defensive secretions formic acid Oxytrigona Hymenoptera Apidae stingless bees mandibular glands Meliponinae |
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