Improving the endurance of graphite-containing submerged nozzles for CCM

The main causes of erosion of graphite-containing submerged nozzles in the slag belt in operation of continuous casting machines and results of industrial tests of experimental articles of different compositions are described. It is shown that the materials can be arranged in the following series in accordance with their endurance: Al₂O₃ - C - SiC - BN ZrO₂ - C - SiC Al₂O₃ - C - SiC.Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 6, pp. 27 – 30, June, 1996.