郊区中心型地铁站邻近商业空间的自组织演化 — —以成都市犀浦地铁站为例

地铁站是衔接城市空间与交通系统的关键节点，其邻近商业空间成为近年来的研究热点。作为联系郊区与城市核心区的重要枢纽，郊区中心型地铁站邻近商业空间的发展演化在提升郊区经济活力、满足居民生产生活需求等方面起着非常重要的作用。本文利用自组织理论分析了成都市犀浦地铁站建立前后站点邻近商业空间的演化过程，发现影响商业空间发展的因素包括自组织、他组织、外部环境等三个方面，并据此提出了此类商业空间自组织演化的规律、方式、动力和根源。最后提出郊区中心型地铁站点邻近商业空间的发展策略，为站点地区商业空间规划提供参考。

Self-Organization Evolution of Commercial Spaces Adjacent to Suburban Central MetroStations: Taking Chengdu Xipu Metro Station as an Example

The convenient and powerful transportation capacity of the subway systemmakes the adjacent areas densely populated and highly accessible, and thus possessgreat commercial value and potential. With the in-depth study of new concepts suchas the integration of station cities and TOD, the planners recognizes the importance ofcoordination between urban space and transportation systems, and subway station becamethe key nodes between transportation system and urban space. The commercial spaceadjacent to the site has become the new core of urban space development at all levels. Atpresent, the research on the commercial space of urban sites is mostly focused on strategicanalysis, but the internal laws of its development and evolution are less studied. Self-organization is the endogenous development and continuous driving force of the city. Forthe rational development of commercial space, it is of great significance to analyze thedevelopment of commercially space adjacent to the site by using self-organization theory.Due to the location of the commercial space adjacent to the subway station, it can bedivided into city center type, main city type, and suburban type. They have differences inland use, population density, commercial characteristics, and transportation connections.Existing research and planning practices are based on city center type, main city type,neglecting the research of suburban types. The suburban central subway station is animportant hub connecting the suburbs with the core area of the city. The development andevolution of its adjacent commercial space plays a very important role in enhancing theeconomic vitality of the suburbs, meeting the production and living needs of residents,and solving the employment of residents. This article takes Xipu Station, a suburbancentral metro station in Chengdu, as an example. The analysis scope is the secondaryimpact radius of commercially land prices around the rail transit station, which is 550 m,chosen time period is sometime before the establishment of the subway to the present(January 2020). For the study, the evolution process of the commercial space adjacent toXipu Station was deeply analyzed. Therefore, the following conclusions can be drawn:the factors affecting the evolution of the adjacent commercial space of the suburban central subway station can be divided into self-organizing factors, other organizational factors, and external environmental factors. Theself-organizing factors are the main factors that influence the evolution of commercial space, including consumers and businesses. Thecharacteristics of consumer consumption activities mainly affect commercial categories, business models, and business levels, whileconsumer traffic mainly affects business scales. Other organizational factors are an urban planning and policies at all levels. Otherorganization factors can conduct overall control of commercial development at a macro level to make up for the failure of self-organization.External environmental factors indirectly affect the evolution of business space by influencing consumer and business behavior decisions.From the perspective of self-organization, the site commercial space has experienced unorganized, organized, and the high-gradeorganization. The evolution process can be divided into two types: gradual and abrupt from the space-time dimension. When the systemstructures and business functions are coordinated, the development of commercial space is gradual. When external inputs change thesystem structure, it will trigger a series of functional changes. Adapting to the new structure causes a sudden change, the self-organizingevolution of commercial space is actually the result of the structural and functional interaction of space. After the commercial space hasinitially formed its development advantages in the evolution process, it will obtain more excellent competition conditions and then developagain. This cycle. The impetus of evolution comes from the two kinds of interactions within the commercial space system-competition andsynergy, which are mainly the competition of merchants for passenger flow, and the synergy of commercial formats and product types.Suburban central subway stations are adjacent to major urban roads, and have a large number of passenger flows. Its adjacent commercialspace has gradually changed from originally only meeting local domestic demand to a new pole core for urban suburban development.In this process, allowing its self-organized development may lead to problems such as long evolution cycles and unreasonable evolutiondirections. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the self-organization evolution law with appropriate other organization guidance andstrive to achieve the same direction of self-organization and other organizations. That is, planners must reasonably locate the commercialspace of the site and build an appropriate scale and hierarchy in the planning process; recognize the development stage and rationally guidethe process; in-depth study the development potential and guide the development in a targeted manner. It is hoped that the analysis of thisarticle can help planners better understand and grasp the basic laws of the development and evolution of adjacent commercial spaces ofsuburban central subway stations, and provide new references for their scientific development and rational planning.