我国与国际食品法典委员会食用菌标准体系的差异性分析

我国是食用菌生产大国，近年来食用菌的产量和产值均保持增长态势；同时，也是食用菌出口大国，在世界食用菌贸易中占有主要地位。但出口的食用菌产品在国际贸易中频繁遭受发达国家的贸易壁垒，给生产企业造成较大的经济损失。我国出口食用菌被通报的主要原因为农药残留超标、腐烂或污秽、标签不合格等，其中以农药残留超标为主。为有效应对国际贸易壁垒，促进食用菌产业健康高质量发展，本文选择国际上较为通用的国际食品法典委员会（Codex Alimentarius Commission， CAC）标准为目标之一，梳理归纳我国和CAC的食用菌标准体系内容，并从食品分类体系、品质指标、食品添加剂指标、污染物指标和农药残留指标进行差异性比对分析，期望能够为我国食用菌标准体系进一步的完善提供理论支持。

Comparative analysis of differences of edible fungi standard system between China and Codex Alimentarius Commission

China is a major producer of edible fungi. Production and output value of edible fungi keep increasing in recent years. China is also a major exporter of edible fungi and occupies a major position in the world edible fungi trade. However, the export of edible fungi products frequently suffers from trade barriers of developed countries in international trade, causing great economic losses to manufacturers. The main reasons for the notification of edible fungi export in China are pesticide residues exceeding the standard, decay or pollution, unqualified labels, etc. And the problems of pesticide residues exceeding standards give priority to the notification. To effectively deal with international trade barriers and promote healthy and high quality development of edible fungi industry, we chose the codes and standards of Codex Committee (CAC) as the research object. The standards of edible fungi were comprehensively analyzed and the differences of food classification system, quality index, food additive limit, pollutant limit and pesticide residue limit standards between CAC and China were shown in detail. To provide theoretical support for the further improvement of the fungi standard system in China, some suggestions and measures were proposed.