外露式钢柱脚受剪性能试验研究

以轴力和锚栓数量及其布置形式为参数，对4个外露式钢柱脚试件进行了水平往复加载试验，对其受剪性能及受剪机制进行分析。当柱脚所受轴力为压力时，柱脚的剪力由其与基础顶面间的静摩擦力传递给基础，且柱脚弯矩对其受剪承载力有提高作用。当柱脚所受轴力为拉力时，柱脚底板与基础表面间分离，柱脚在水平荷载作用下发生滑移，此时锚栓参与承担水平力，但其承担水平力的能力较小。柱脚受弯承载力随着柱脚锚栓数量的增加而增大。当锚栓数量从4个增加到6个时，柱脚受弯承载力增加了12%，耗能能力增加了20%。配置相同数量锚栓柱脚的滞回行为随着锚栓布置方式的不同也有所改变。将锚栓布置在沿加载方向的最外侧时，可以最大程度地利用每个锚栓的承载力。因此，在设计外露式柱脚时需要考虑锚栓布置方式，以便充分利用锚栓的受拉性能。

Experimental study on shear behavior of exposed column base

Considering number and arrangement of anchor bolts and axial load level, four exposed steel column bases were chosen in a static horizontal reversed loading experimental research to study the shear behavior and shear mechanism. When the column base is loaded under pressure, the shear capacity of the base is provided by a static friction between it and the top surface of the foundation. The presence of moment at the column base could improve its shear capacity. When the column base is loaded under tension, the static friction between the base plate of the column base and the surface of the foundation is overcame, and the column base begins to slide and at this moment the anchor bolts begin to resist the horizontal force, but its effect is limited. The maximum flexural capacity of the column base is increased with more anchors bolts used. When the number of the anchor arranged is increased from four to six, the maximum flexural capacity of the column base is increased by 12% and the energy dissipation capacity is increased by 20%. When configuring the same number of anchor bolts, the hysteretic behavior is changed with anchor arrangements. When the anchor bolt is arranged along the outside of the loading direction, the bearing capacity of each anchor bolt is made of the best use. Therefore, in designing the exposed column base, the arrangement of the anchor bolts needs to be considered in order to make full use of anchor tensile behavior.