基于醇胺固定-释放二氧化碳原理的聚氨酯泡沫绿色制备

通过二乙醇胺（DEA）和二氧化碳反应制得一种氨基甲酸铵化合物（DEAC）。DEAC初始分解温度约为54℃，二氧化碳含量14.6%。将不同份数的DEAC作为反应型发泡剂添加到硬质聚氨酯发泡体系中制备泡沫材料，得到密度为90~150 kg·m^-3，压缩强度为0.02~1.65 MPa性能良好的泡沫材料。DEA在火力发电厂作为二氧化碳吸收剂以减少二氧化碳排放。因此，DEAC可以来源于火力发电厂的副产物，成本低廉。本研究为硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备提供了一种新型的绿色、环保、经济的方法。

Ammonium carbamate from diethanolamine for green foaming of polyurethanes with carbon dioxide

Diethanol ammonium carbamate (DEAC) was prepared by reaction of diethanolamine (DEA) with carbon dioxide. DEAC has onset decomposition temperature round 54℃. Addition of DEAC as reactive blowing agent into common rigid polyurethane foaming formulation gave foams with densities in the range of 90 to 150 kg·m^-3 and compressive strengths in the range of 0.02 to 1.65 MPa. DEA can be used as CO₂ absorbents in coal-burn power generation plant to reduce greenhouse gas emission. DEAC can be obtained as byproduct from coal-burn power station with low cost. This novel approach is environmentally friendly, cost effective and promising to open up a new platform for green foaming of polyurethanes.