采用区域选择激光熔化法制造铝合金模型

对采用区域选择激光熔化(SLM)技术制造铝合金(如AlSi25,AlSi10Mg,AlMgSi0.5和AlMg3粉末)模型进行了工艺研究。研究表明不同的铝合金粉末具有不同的加工阈值。当激光功率超过粉末的加工阈值时,粉末与基体之间形成致密的冶金结合,为获得致密度为100%的铝合金模型提供了可能性。不同铝合金模型的致密度随着激光功率和扫描速度的变化而变化,但是不同铝合金对孔洞以及裂纹形成的敏感性不同,这主要是由铝合金粉末的不同冶金特性导致的。经过工艺摸索,采用优化参数制造AlSi10Mg拉伸试样,经测试,其机械性能超过了该合金铸造后经时效的拉伸试样性能。表明区域选择激光熔化技术是金属模型和零件直接制造的有效方法之一。

Model Manufacturing Process from Aluminum Alloys Using Selective Laser Melting

The paper focused on the technological research on model manufacturing using selective laser melting(SLM) process,materials under investigation were four kinds of aluminum alloys powder AlSi25,AlSi10Mg,AlMgSi0.5 and AlMg3.The results showed that different aluminum alloys have different laser process thresholds.When laser power was above this threshold,aluminum alloy powder melted and bonded with the under layer and fest metallurgical bonding formed,model with approx.100% density can be achieved.Further research showed that the density of sample from all the four kinds of aluminum alloys varied with laser power and scanning velocity,at the same time they showed different sensitivity to the forming of holes and crack because of their different metallurgical properties.Tensile sample from AlSi10Mg was manufactured with optimized parameters.The tensile test showed that the sample of SLM possessed better mechanical properties than aged casting tensile sample.The research showed that SLM would be one of the effective methods of direct manufacturing for metallic models and parts.