相控阵雷达天线延时技术的发展

介绍了相控阵雷达天线在大扫描角及大瞬时带宽应用场景下延时补偿技术的发展概况。对天线阵列的波束色散现象以及延时补偿技术对天线方向图的影响进行了分析,并介绍了国内外的一些延时方案。依据延时实现架构,将其分为微波延时、表面声波延时、光延时以及数字延时四类。重点对微波延时的几种不同类型的实现形式进行了描述,并根据微波延时线实现载体的不同,分为GaAs 芯片、射频电缆、印制板和微同轴四种。另外,针对延时拓扑电路进行理论推导分析,说明单延时路径在电路设计上的优势,并分析了基态链路对延时路径的幅度、相位补偿和介质材料对延时量的误差引入。对相控阵雷达天线在大扫描角及大瞬时带宽应用场景下的延时补偿技术研究有一定参考价值。

True Time Delay Technique Application in Phased Array Antenna

In this paper, the development of broadband true time delay technique for phased array antenna in lager scanning angle or wide instantaneous bandwidth scenario is demonstrated. Moreover, on a basis of mathematic derivation, inherent steering dispersive of antenna pattern and complementary of true time delay is implemented. On a basis of delay realization architecture, delay line can be achieved in microwave, surface-acoustic-wave, optical or digital respectively. At the same time, we have focused on the microwave delay line, which include GaAs chip, cable, printed circuit board, and microcoaxial from delay supports. Besides, through the derivation of delay topology circuits, basis branch combined with single delay stub shows superiority on design complexity. Therefore, amplitude or phase complementary needs to be designed carefully, and delay deviation caused by relative permittivity or permeability should be taken into account. Accordingly, though investigation of true time delay technique in domestic and abroad, implementation of broadband true time delay shows inexorable trend for lager scanning angle or wide instantaneous bandwidth applications, which could be proper guidance for array or system design.