供给侧改革背景下我国稀土行业现状、问题与对策

稀土是现代工业发展所需的重要原材料,在能源技术革新、提高新材料性能等方面发挥着重要作用,在某些关键领域仍具有不可替代性。通过多轮整顿整合与兼并重组,我国稀土行业治理取得显著成效。但发展过程中仍存在战略定位与政策导向不明,非法违法开采打而不绝,行业产能过剩与供需长期失衡,产业同质竞争与关键功能材料保障不足,环境负外部性重视不够等供给侧问题。基于此,联系稀土行业管理实际,本文研究提出应该依靠法律手段强化全产业链管理,优化资源配置促进供需平衡,继续化解过剩产能,推动稀土资源绿色开发,加快技术创新提升行业竞争力等建议,以期为管好用好稀土资源、体现稀土资源战略价值、推动稀土产业可持续发展提供参考。

Studies on Present Situations, Problems and Strategies of Rare earth industry Under Reform of the Supply Side

Rare earth plays an important role in leading the energy technology innovation and improving the performance of new materials which is an important raw material. China''s rare earth industry governance has achieved remarkable results through many rounds of rectification, integration and mergers and acquisitions. However, there still exists unknown strategy and policy orientation, incessant illegal mining, industry overcapacity and long-term imbalance between supply and demand, lack of critical functional material capacity, and insufficient recognition of environmental negative externalities in the process of the development. Based on this, combined with the current actual situation, It was suggested that China should strengthen the whole rare earth industry chain management by the means of law, optimize the allocation of rare earth resources to achieve the balance of supply and demand, reduce excess production capacity, promote green development of rare earth resources, and speed up technological innovation to enhance the competitiveness of the industry. The main purpose of this paper is to promote sustainable development of the rare earth industry in China.