开滦煤矿唐山矿区与遂昌金矿矿山环境治理运作模式比较研究

本文在文献研究和实地调研的基础上,对比分析了开滦煤矿和遂昌金矿环境治理运作模式,分析发现开滦煤矿和遂昌金矿在矿山环境治理运作方式上的差异主要体现在治理主导者、治理主体、投资主体与融资模式、实施步骤和实施策略以及治理开发方式等方面。研究发现,矿区土地性质、参与主体利益诉求、环境问题性质及规模、矿区区位、矿山资源禀赋以及可资利用的条件等要素是造成两个矿山环境治理运作模式差异的主要原因。进一步分析发现,开滦煤矿环境治理运作模式,主要适应于毗邻城市、对城市生态环境影响巨大、以大面积采空区塌陷为主要地质环境问题的煤矿矿山废弃地的治理恢复;而遂昌金矿环境治理运作模式,主要适应于具有丰富矿山文化遗产资源和发掘价值、矿区在自然生态环境良好山区的金属类老矿山的治理恢复。

Kailuan coal mine; Suichang gold mine; environment government; operation mode; comparative study

In this paper, we did a contrastive study based on literature research and field survey. We found that the Kailuan coal mine and the Suichang gold mine used different operating modes in the mine environment government. They have obvious differences in the governance of the dominant, governance, investment and financing model, the implementation of the steps and the implementation of the strategy and the way of governance development. The differences in their operating modes are caused by some different factors, such as the objectives, the environmental problems, mining locations, the degree of environmental impact, mine resource endowment and the available conditions, ea al. The operation mode of Kailuan coal mine environment management is mainly suitable for the government and restoration of the abandoned land in coal mine, which are adjacent to the city, and have great influence on the urban ecological environment. Their main geological environment problem is the large-scale collapse of mined out area. However, the operation mode of environmental management in Suichang gold mine is mainly suitable for the government and recovery of metal mines in mountainous areas with good natural ecological environment, which are rich in cultural heritage resources and excavation value.