水压柱塞泵关键结构参数对泵内空化的影响

针对水压柱塞泵由于空化引起的噪声、振动以及元件的腐蚀等问题，基于全空化模型与k-ε湍流模型，分析了柱塞腔在不同位置的气相体积分数的分布以及该分布产生的机理、卸荷槽处产生空化的机理，得到了不同斜盘倾角下柱塞腔和配流盘吸水口处气相体积分数随转角变化的特性曲线，以及一级卸荷槽深度与其气相体积分数和柱塞腔压力脉动率的关系。数值计算结果表明：空化主要发生在位于吸水区域的柱塞腔;与配流盘吸水口接触瞬时的柱塞腔的气相体积分数最高；减小斜盘倾角可以减小柱塞腔和配流盘吸水口的气相体积分数与持续时间;增大一级卸荷槽深度可以减小卸荷槽处空化程度，但会增大柱塞腔的压力尖峰和压力脉动率。

Influences of Key Structural Parameters of Hydraulic Piston Pump on Cavitation

In order to focus noises, vibrations and component corrosions caused by the cavitation in hydraulic plunger pump, a numerical simulation was conducted through full cavitation model and k-ε turbulence model to study the distribution of gas-phase volume fraction at various positions in plunger chamber and the generation mechanism of the distribution and the cavitation at relief grooves. The relation between depth of level 1- relief groove with its gas-phase volume fraction and impulse frequency in plunger pump. The results reveal that cavitations occur mainly at the intake areas, and the gas-phase volumes get to the largest fraction at the moment while water touching the inlet of port plate, and reducing dip angle of the sloping plate the gas phase volume fraction and its lasting period are decreased. Increasing the depth of level 1-relief groove wakens the cavitation, but it strengthens the peak pressure and pressure pulsation rate.