基于“共轭理论”的工业遗存更新改造模式研究 ——以郑煤机地块更新改造为例

以“一五”项目之一的郑煤机老厂区更 新改造为例，结合我国工业遗产的研究现状， 引入“共轭理论”，通过对保护和开发的内在矛 盾梳理，构建工业遗产保护与发展的四种“共 轭模式”：历史和现代的文化共轭、生产和生活 的功能共轭、新增与旧有的空间共轭以及当地 和外来的人群共轭。根据四种共轭模式对郑煤 机老厂区进行改造，建立以文化、功能、空间和 人群的内在平衡。旨在探索一种既能保护工业 遗产，又能让其与城市发展相融合的共生模式， 为城市老工业区持续更新和有机演进提供研究 思路与方法。

Research on the Model of Industrial Remains Renewal and Reconstruction Based on Conjugation Theory: Taking the Urban Renewal of Industrial Remains of Zhengmeiji as an Example

As an important part of the historical heritage, industrial relics are branded with the footprints of the industrial era, and have witnessed the development process of industrial civilization. The spatial structure, architectural pattern and functional zoning of which, reflect productivity and production relations of a city in a specific period. With the withdrawal of traditional industries from the historical stage, the industrial plants, bred by early production relations and productivity level, cannot adapt to the development of modern cities and the needs of modern urban life, in terms of spatial structure, functional zoning and scale distribution. A large number of industrial buildings losing their original use value, are facing renewal and transformation. As an important starting point and path to promote high-quality urban development, urban renewal is not only to solve the problems faced by urban development, but also to assist urban construction from extensive to refinement, from policy to implementation, and intuitively provide guidance for spatial results and form management, so as to improve the quality of public space. The purpose of the renewal and transformation of the old industrial areas are continuing the collective memory and meeting the development demands, and improve the supporting facilities and supply of urban public cultural life through functional implantation. From the practice of the renewal of industrial relics, the transformation of industrial relics in cities of different sizes follows a certain law of industrial orientation. For example, mega cities focus on the implantation of financial and real estate formats in the transformation of industrial relics, large and medium-sized cities take it as supporting facilities of urban pillar industries, and townlets emphasize the driving role of industrial relics in urban tourism. However, for the truth that the environment of which no more large-scale industry densely distributed, within the growth of new industry, the transformation of industrial remains, often falls into two difficulties. Regarding traditional as the weak side and unconditionally retaining the traditional content, which leads the protection work to decline by over protection. The other tendency is try to profit from the excessive commercial development of industrial relics, which leads to the destruction of the original spatial pattern, the gentrification of the crowd, making a large number of pseudo spaces and pretentious culture. Finally, the contradiction is further intensified, and falls into developmental alienation.However, it is a relation of unite of opposites between protection and development in the transformation of industrial remains to some degree. However, in the transformation practice of industrial relics, protection and development are often regarded as the contradiction of binary opposition. With the stepping into the process of post-industrial society, more and more problems have been exposed in the protection of industrial relics. The practice of urban renewal in recent years has found that, the problems involved in the renewal of urban old industrial areas, are complex and unpredictable, which related to the upgrading of industrial structure, the transformation of land function, the definition of land ownership, the construction of space and places and so on. Starting from the contradictions and problems of things, the conjugate theory emphasizes the symbiosis and game between contradictions, forms the state of unity of opposites and balance through mutual restriction and competition, and then promotes the organic evolution of things, which is consistent with the internal logic of both protection and promotion of modern industrial relics. In the evolution process of urban value reconstruction, the key to the transformation of industrial relics are sortting out and coordinating the objective original contradictions between protection and development, combined with urban development stage and functional demands, and exploring a path to inherit cultural connotation, reshape regional economic vitality and improve the quality of human settlements from the perspective of conjugation. Zheng meiji (hereafter ZMJ) was the largest coal mining machinery manufacturing plant in China, which was built in The First Five Year Plan period. It located in Huashan Road Industrial Zone in the west of Zhengzhou City, covering an area of 43.33 ha, which was the starting area of industrial development of Zhengzhou City. With the transformation of urban renewal from incremental construction to stock and quality improvement, in March 2017, the old plant of ZMJ was included in the protection list of 13 industrial heritages in the protection plan of Zhengzhou historical and cultural city. Taking industrial remains of ZMJ as an example, combined with the current research situation of Chinese industrial heritage, this paper introduces the conjugate theory, and constructs four conjugate models, namely, the culture conjugation, function conjugation, space and building conjugation and people conjugation. According to the four conjugate modes, industrial remains of ZMJ is reformed to establish the internal balance of culture, function, space and population. The purpose is to explore a symbiotic model that can protect industrial heritage and integrate it with urban development, and provide research ideas and methods for the sustainable and organic evolution of urban old industry.