Compositional effects on the fracture behaviour of alkali–silicate glasses

The two-point bend strength and the fracture toughness of a series of soda–potassia–silicate and soda–potassia–calcia–silicate glass fibres have been measured. There is a clear variation of mean strength with composition for the soda–potassia–silicate glasses, however, there is much less variation of mean strength with composition for the soda–potassia–calcia–silicate glasses. There is also a greater variation of fracture toughness with composition for the soda–potassia–silicate glasses than for the soda–potassia–calcia–silicate glasses. The mean strength, fracture toughness and inferred flaw sizes for the soda–potassia–calcia–silicate glasses are all less than the equivalent values for the soda–potassia–silicate glasses. These results are related to the structural models and durability of the glasses tested.