Controlling the diameter of aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes on quartz via catalyst reduction time |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Polymer Materials, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;2. Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chair for Surface Science and Corrosion, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;3. Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute I, 91058 Erlangen, Germany;4. Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;5. Universität Heidelberg, Institute for Physical Chemistry, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;1. Faculty of Basic & Applied Sciences, Department of Physics, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan;2. New Technologies – Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic;3. Laboratoire de Physique Quantique et de Modélisation Mathématique, Université de Mascara, 29000, Algeria;4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;5. Materials Modeling Lab, Department of Physics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan;1. Institute of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia;2. Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China;1. Wenzhou Key Lab of Micro-nano Optoelectronic Devices, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China;2. Angstorr Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210012, PR China;3. Chengdu Kaisaier Electronics Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610500, PR China |
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| Abstract: | One of the main objectives of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) is control over their diameter and type (metallic or semiconducting). Here, we investigate the evolution of iron catalyst particles on quartz substrates depending on the duration of the reduction step with hydrogen and its effect on the growth of horizontally aligned SWCNT. We find a strong dependence of catalyst particle size and size distribution on the initial iron film thickness and the reduction time at 630 °C. Initial decrease of the particle size is followed by an unexpected increase. Statistical analysis of the Raman radial breathing modes of the SWCNT over large areas gave reliable and reproducible diameter distributions that correlated directly with the catalyst particle size distributions. By changing the reduction time it was possible to reproducibly shift the average SWCNT diameter from 1.5 (±0.3) nm to 1.2 (±0.2) nm while maintaining a nanotube density of 5–6 SWCNT/μm. In order to describe the evolution of the particle size during the reduction process at this particular temperature, we propose a model that includes the diffusion of iron into the quartz and its re-emergence. |
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