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Lactoperoxidase-mediated degradation of single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of pulmonary surfactant |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;2. Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;3. Division of Physiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;4. Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden;5. Functional Materials Division, Department of Materials and Nanophysics, Royal Institute of Technology, 164 40 Stockholm, Sweden;6. Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States;7. Unit for Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut;2. Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany;1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China;2. Analysis and Testing Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China;1. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;2. Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;3. Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada;4. Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada;5. Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA |
| Abstract: | Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may elicit inflammatory responses following pulmonary exposure. Conversely, enzymatic biodegradation of CNTs by inflammatory cells has also been reported. The aim of this study was to study the degradation of oxidized single-walled CNTs (ox-SWCNTs) by lactoperoxidase (LPO), a secreted peroxidase present in the airways, and whether pulmonary surfactant affects this biodegradation. To this end, ox-SWCNTs were incubated in vitro with recombinant bovine LPO + H2O2 + NaSCN in the presence and absence of porcine lung surfactant (Curosurf®) and biodegradation was monitored using UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The interaction of recombinant LPO with bundles of ox-SWCNTs was confirmed by atomic force microscopy. Cell-free biodegradation of ox-SWCNTs was also observed ex vivo in murine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the presence of H2O2 + NaSCN. Our study provides evidence for biodegradation of ox-SWCNTs with a lung surfactant ‘bio-corona’ and expands the repertoire of mammalian peroxidases capable of biodegradation of ox-SWCNTs. These findings are relevant to inhalation exposure to these materials, as LPO serves as an important component of the airway defense system. |
| Keywords: | AFM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0010"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"atomic force microscopy ELISA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0020"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay bLPO"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0030"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"lactoperoxidase (bovine) HOCl"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0040"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"hypochlorous acid HOSCN"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0050"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"hypothiocyanous acid mBALF"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0060"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (murine) MPO"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0070"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"myeloperoxidase NIR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0080"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"near infrared SCN"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0090"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"thiocyanate SEM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0100"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"scanning electron microscope SWCNTs"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0110"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"single-walled carbon nanotubes UV–Vis–NIR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0120"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"ultraviolet–visible–near infrared |
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