Ultrafast sol–gel synthesis of graphene aerogel materials |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 302 Roberts Hall, Box 352120, Seattle, WA 98195-2120, USA;2. EnerG2 Technologies Inc., 100 NE Northlake Way, Seattle, WA 98105, USA;3. Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA;4. Fundamental & Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore;2. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA;1. Material Science and Engineering School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China;2. Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics School, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China;1. Department of Civil, Environmental, Aerospace, Materials Engineering, UdR INSTM di Palermo, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 6, 90128, Palermo, Italy;2. Institute for Studies of Nanostructured Materials-U.O.S. Palermo, National Research Council, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;3. Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy;1. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;2. Liaoning Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Matrix Composites, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang, 110136, China;1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China;2. Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glasses Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Graphene aerogels derived from graphene-oxide (GO) starting materials recently have been shown to exhibit a combination of high electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and low cost that has enabled a range of electrochemical applications. Standard synthesis protocols for manufacturing graphene aerogels require the use of sol–gel chemical reactions that are maintained at high temperatures for long periods of time ranging from 12 h to several days. Here we report an ultrafast, acid-catalyzed sol–gel formation process in acetonitrile in which wet GO-loaded gels are realized within 2 h at temperatures below 45 °C. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analysis following supercritical drying and pyrolysis confirms the reduction of the GO in the aerogels to sp2 carbon crystallites with no residual carbon–nitrogen bonds from the acetonitrile or its derivatives. This rapid synthesis enhances the prospects for large-scale manufacturing of graphene aerogels for use in numerous applications including sorbents for environmental toxins, support materials for electrocatalysis, and high-performance electrodes for electrochemical capacitors and solar cells. |
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| Keywords: | Graphene Aerogel Acetonitrile Resorcinol-formaldehyde Supercapacitor |
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