Crash avoidance in response to challenging driving events: The roles of age,serialization, and driving simulator platform |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Construction Management and Engineering, North Dakota State University, NDSU Dept. 2475, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA;2. Department of Statistics, North Dakota State University, NDSU Dept. 2770, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA;3. Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, 2160 Learned Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;1. University of Arizona College of Nursing, USA;2. Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, USA;3. Nursing, University of Arizona, College of Nursing, USA;1. School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Australia;2. Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Australia;3. School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Australia;4. School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Australia;1. Daimler AG, Driving Simulators Dept. RD/FFS, Sindelfingen, Germany;2. MB Tech Group, Sindelfingen, Germany;3. Department of Experimental Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany;1. Chalmers University of Technology, Applied Mechanics, Vehicle Safety, Göteborg, Sweden;2. Volvo Car Corporation, R&D, Volvo Cars Safety Centre, Göteborg, Sweden;3. Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Human Factors, Göteborg, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | We examined the crash avoidance behaviors of older and middle-aged drivers in reaction to six simulated challenging road events using two different driving simulator platforms. Thirty-five healthy adults aged 21–36 years old (M = 28.9 ± 3.96) and 35 healthy adults aged 65–83 years old (M = 72.1 ± 4.34) were tested using a mid-level simulator, and 27 adults aged 21–38 years old (M = 28.6 ± 6.63) and 27 healthy adults aged 65–83 years old (M = 72.7 ± 5.39) were tested on a low-cost desktop simulator. Participants completed a set of six challenging events varying in terms of the maneuvers required, avoiding space given, directional avoidance cues, and time pressure. Results indicated that older drivers showed higher crash risk when events required multiple synchronized reactions. In situations that required simultaneous use of steering and braking, older adults tended to crash significantly more frequently. As for middle-aged drivers, their crashes were attributable to faster driving speed. The same age-related driving patterns were observed across simulator platforms. Our findings support the hypothesis that older adults tend to react serially while engaging in cognitively challenging road maneuvers. |
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| Keywords: | Older drivers Serialization Challenging road event Driving simulators |
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